September Practices in Hazelnut Orchards

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    1. Post-Harvest and Post-Threshing Procedures

    • Hazelnuts remaining on branches or at the bottom of the grove should be collected, and no crop should be left in the orchard.
    • The crop should be thoroughly dried in the threshing floor and ventilated until the humidity drops to 6–7%.
    • Clean, dry, airy, and sun-protected environments should be preferred for storage.

    2. Hoe and Orchard Cleaning

    • After harvest, branches, leaves, and weeds should be removed from the orchard.
    • Cleanliness should be prioritized to prevent diseases and pests (hazelnut weevil, common louse, and cone mite) from overwintering in the orchard.

    3. Fertilization and Soil Conditioning

    • If a soil test has been performed, liming and base fertilization can be planned based on the results.
    • Liming is particularly common in the fall; therefore, September is a suitable time.

    4. Pruning and Orchard Conditioning

    • Dried, broken, and diseased branches should be cut and removed from the orchard. • Excess shoots should be removed from the bottom of the beds, and the beds should be kept balanced with 6–8 branches.

    5. Disease and Pest Management

    • Conifer shoots infested by cone mites should be cut and destroyed.
    • Branches damaged by the common thrips should be removed.
    • Post-harvest care should be taken to reduce pest populations in the garden.

    6. General Garden Care

    • Fall plowing can be done once the soil is firm.
    • If planting seedlings is planned, holes should be dug in September and the soil aerated.